header by Emerson Taymor, 2005
1. Pre-Columbian Mexico
2. The Conquest
3. Colonial Mexico
4. The Nineteenth Century
5. The Revolution
6. Mexico Since 1920
7. Theories
of Mexicanidad
8. Borderlands and comparative history
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Chapter 3: The Colonial Period
Section A: Environmental and Economic Impact
- Simon, "Endangered Mexico: An Environment on the Edge"
- excerpts from Charles Mann, 1493 on the social and cultural changes accompanying colonization
- Oxford history, “The Economic Effects of colonization”
- "The Columbian Exchange"
- Demographic shifts after colonization
- Roderic Ai Camp on the economic heritage of the colonial period
Section B: The Catholic Church
- Timeline of Christianity in New Spain
- Restall and Fernández-Armesto on the Spanish conquest of the Maya
- Curcio-Nagy, "Faith and Morals in Colonial Mexico"
- Lynn V. Foster on religion in colonial Mexico
- Carrasco on priests and transculturation
- Roderic Ai Camp on church and state in colonial Mexico
- Map of the colonial Spanish church
- New interpretations of the Virgin of Guadalupe
- Teacher's guide to the work of Yolanda Lopez
- The Return of the Virgin in 2007, from Beezley and MacLachlan, Mexico: The Essentials
- Pope Paul III, Sublimus Deus (1537)
- Universal Declaration of Human Rights
- From Bartolome de las Casas, The Destruction of the Indies
- de las Casas, "Of New Spain"
- Roderic Ai Camp on how the viceroy system worked
- Restall and Fernández-Armesto on de las Casas and his critics
- Juan Gines de Sepulveda criticizes the Indians
- Patricia Lopes Don, "Franciscans, Indian Sorcerers, and the Inquisition in New Spain, 1536-1543"
- Thomas, “Controversy at Valladolid” (debate between de las Casas and Sepulveda)
- Thomas on the proclamation of the New Laws
- Alonso de Zorita, "Why the Indians Are Dying" (1585)
- Father Juan Crespí travels to California (1769)
- Vicente Santa María describes the first Spanish ship to enter San Francisco Bay (1775)
- Francisco Palóu
describes the founding of the mission in SF (1776)
- should Father Serra be canonized?
- Katherine Moran, "The Secret, Not-So-Saintly History of Junipero Serra Statues," SF Chronicle (July 2020)
- Gregory Smithers, "How Indigenous Societies Fought to Preserve Their Blended Gender Identities in the Face of Colonialism" (2022)
- Pope Benedict XVI, excerpt from speech about the church in colonial Latin America (2007)
- responses to Pope Benedict’s speech
- Pope Francis makes history in South America - CNN
- Pope Francis' political edge comes out to play in Latin America
- Jon Lee Anderson, "The Pope of Latin America"
Section C: Transculturation and Castas
- John Charles Chasteen, “colonial transculturation,” a collection of primary sources
- Chasteen, “Visiting New Nations,” a collection of primary sources
- Chasteen, "Birth of Spanish America," from Born in Blood and Fire
- Chasteen on the "colonial crucible," from Born in Blood and Fire
- Chasteen on on hegemony and transculturation, from Born in Blood and Fire
- Chasteen on late colonial transformations, from Born in Blood and Fire
- Gustavo Arellano, from Taco USA--the transcultural origins of Mexican cuisine
- Jeffrey Pilcher on the complex origins of the taco; on transcultural colonial cuisine
- Reina Gattuso, "A Pirate Botanist Helped Bring Hot Chocolate to England," Gastro Obscura
- New Spain and Sor Juana
- Olivera and Crete, "Our Lady, Tonantzin, and Ix Chel"
- Guerrero, “Caste, Race, and Class in Spanish California"
- Caste paintings
- A longer list of castes
- Gender and Race in Colonial Latin America
- The Colonial Family, from from Beezley and MacLachlan, Mexico: The Essentials
- statistics and arguments about Afro-Mexican culture in the colonial era
- historian Ben Vinson on Afro-Mexicans
- David Agren, "'We Exist, We're Here': Afro-Mexicans Make the Census After Long Struggle for Recognition," The Guardian (Mar. 2020)
- maps of Afro-Latin population in Central and South America, 1800 and 2010
- Los Angeles census, 1781
- Hector Tobar on race in early Los Angeles
- Gastro Obscura, "Why Are So Many Different Drinks Called Horchata?"
- María Elena Martínez, "Social Order in the Spanish New World"
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